英語の後に日本語が続きます。
Japanese laurel (Aucuba japonica) is native to, and can be found across, Japan. The plant produces small purplish brown flowers from March to May and oval fruits in autumn, which are green at first and then turn bright red beautifully in mid-December. Most of the leaves are deep green while some are variegated.
The name "Aucuba" is derived from one of its Japanese names "
aokiba," meaning "blue leaf" because the leaves and stems are "blue" throughout the year. Blue? You think I mistook "green" for "blue"?
I didn't! In Japan, people use "blue" for "green." For example, they say "blue" traffic lights and "blue" apples, instead of "green" lights and "green" apples. This is because Japan used to have only four colors, white, black, red, and blue, and the then "blue" included green. In "The Man'yoshu," the oldest existing collection of waka or Japanese poetry, compiled sometime after AD 759 during the Nara period (710-784), green leaves were described as "blue" leaves. The color green was differentiated from blue in the 10th century.
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アオキ（青木）です。3月から5月にちっちゃい花を付け、秋には実を付けます。実は最初は緑ですが12月中旬以降赤くなっていきます。
アオキの名は、四季を通じて常緑で葉も枝も常に緑（青）だから。学名の「Aucuba」は和名のアオキバ（青木葉）に由来します。
ちなみになぜ「緑」を「青」と言うかご存じですか。日本にはもともと「白、黒、赤、青」の4つしかなく、緑は青に含まれていたからです。（万葉集では緑の木々を「あを（青）」と呼んでいたそうです。）10世紀になると「緑」が出てきて、平安時代末期から鎌倉時代には青と緑がはっきり区別されたのですが、その後も日本人は緑のものを青と呼び続けています（青信号など）。
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